In quantizing compact 2+1D U(1) Chern-Simons theory (or Maxwell theory, for that matter) on the Lx×Ly torus in A0=0 gauge, one starts with a mode decomposition for the vector potential. In every reference I have found, the decomposition is declared gauge-equivalent to (with all physical constants set to 1)
Ai=ai−ϵijxjB/2+˜Ai
where i=x,y, ϵij is the Levi-Civita symbol, ˜Ai is strictly periodic, ai is a constant, and B is the mean magnetic field through the torus (quantized according to the Dirac condition). What, precisely, are the boundary conditions on A that lead to such a form, or should there be a more general form?
Clearly one must allow Ai not to be strictly periodic in order to account for the second term. What seems most reasonable is to require Ai be periodic up to a gauge transformation, i.e.
Ai(x+Lx,y)=Ai(x,y)+∂iαx(x,y)
where αx(x,y) can be either a large or small gauge transformation, and likewise for shifts in the y direction. The aforementioned decomposition does obey such boundary conditions. But a configuration like Ax=0, Ay∝xsin(2πy/Ly) also obeys these boundary conditions (with αx∝cos(2πy/Ly)) and does not seem to be gauge-equivalent to anything of the aforementioned form. So is this an unacceptable configuration? If so, why?
It's true that such a configuration has a spatially varying magnetic field, which violates the constraint of pure Chern-Simons theory, but I still want to understand as a matter of principle how I should be writing A before imposing the constraint.
Thanks!