Consider natural [Gaussian units][1] such that ℏ=c=1 and the electron charge e=√α where α≈1/137 is the fine structure constant.
In Gaussian units the vacuum displacement field →D is identical to the applied electric field →E so that
→D=→E.
Let us assume that in each small volume of space,
L3, there are charges
+q and
−q both with a mass
M.
The vacuum displacement field, which is the vacuum polarization per unit volume, is given by
→D=q×q→EM⋅T2×1L3,
where the middle term is the separation distance of each pair of charges due to their acceleration in the electric field
→E during time
T.
According to the quantum uncertainty principle in natural units T=L=1/M so that we find
→D=q2→E.
Thus it seems that there must be masses
M with charges
q=+1,−1 at each point in space in order to satisfy Eqn.
(1). The charge
q is
e/√α=11.7e.
Could the masses M at each point in space be Planck masses with dimensions given by the Planck length 10−33 cm?
The Planck masses could have the fundamental charge e if at the Planck energy the electromagnetic force is unified with the other forces so that e=√α=1.
The pairs of Planck masses can be generated by positive-energy zero point modes with wavelengths down to the Planck length. If the Planck masses consist of matter and antimatter then according to the [Feynman-Stueckelberg interpretation][2] the antimatter can be considered as having negative mass. Thus the combined gravitational mass of each pair is zero so that space can remain flat.
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_units
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiparticle#Feynman%E2%80%93Stueckelberg_interpretation