I am looking for references for the scalar field theory in one-space, one-time dimension defined by:
L=−12(∂μϕ)2−12m22,0ϕ2−14!m24,0ϕ4−16!m26,0ϕ6
That explains why the only divergences arise from closed loops which start and end on the same vertex.
And basically does renormalization in two dimensions on this Lagrangian density.
The full question is from Brown's textbook on QFT, on page 277 question 2.
I'll type it here:
The Lagrangian is the above one, for scalar field theory in one-space, one-time dimension.
a) Explain why the only divergences arise from closed loops which start and end on the same vertex.
In working out this problem be sure to draw graphs to explain what you are doing.
b) First work out the renormalization associated with the ϕ6 interaction.
Suppose four external lines or four lines from other vertices or some combination of external lines and lines from other vertices are connected to this interaction.
They can do so in 6!/2! ways. The remaining ϕ2 can form a single loop.
This gives a divergent term 12m26,0<ϕ(0)2>.
Continue to n dimensions and write: m26,0=m26μ4−2n, where m6 is a finite six-leg coupling constant with the dimensions of mass.
Why is m6 finite?
Show that:<ϕ(0)2>=mn−2Γ(1−n/2)(4π)n/2,
where
m is the mass used for the propagator. We shall see that the particular value of this mass is irrelevant.
Thus the divergent term is given by
−12m26μ2−n14π11−n/2,
and this divergence is removed by the renormalization:
m24,0=μ2−n[m24+m264π1n−2].
Suppose now that two "external" lines are connected to the
ϕ6 vertex.
They can do so in
6⋅5 ways.
The remaining
ϕ4 can form two closed loops.
This gives a divergent term
−14!m26,03<ϕ(0)2>2.
But the two external lines can also connect to the
ϕ4 interaction in
4⋅3 ways and the remaining
ϕ2 can form a closed loop.
This gives a divergent term:
−12m24,0<ϕ(0)2>.
Show that the divergences are removed by by the renormalization
m22,0=m22+m244π1n−2+12m26(4π)21(n−2)2.
Note that this is independent of
m as advertised; there are no terms of the form
log(m/μ)1n−2.
Note also the triangular counter term structure.
c) Check this result by computing μdm26/dμ,μdm24/dμ,μdm22/dμ
and showing that they are finite.
d) check the book by Brown.
I can only do part c) of this question.
We have from part b) that m26∝μ2n−4 so μdm26/dμ∝μ2n−4=O(1) so this is finite since we take n=2 since we have two dimensions case here.
m24∝μn−2 so μdm24/dμ∝μn−2=O(1).
Assuming I answered correctly item c), how to answer the other items here?
I am not sure I answered it correctly, though.