In his paper *Calculation of baryon masses in quantum chromodynamics* ([ScienceDirect](http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0550321381902595)), B.L. Ioffe considers currents describing baryons. In equation (13) he gives an interpolating current for the isobar Δ++,
ημ(x)=(ua(x)Cγμub(x))uc(x)εabc,
where
ua(x) is an up quark field of colour
a and
C is the "charge conjugation matrix".
This current has the proper isospin of
3/2 (three up quarks) and has the correct spin (carries one Lorentz index and implicitly one spinor index at
uc).
How does C come into this equation though? If I understand the expression correctly, ua(x) is implicitly transposed so that the expression in the big parentheses is just a number in spinor space. So I do not think that ua(x)C is some other way of writing ˉua(x) – in which case the current would consist of two quarks and one antiquark. What is C doing then?
Furthermore, how is this C related to the charge conjugation matrix (say ˜C to distinguish) introduced e.g. in *Peskin/Schroeder*? ˜C exchanges particles with antiparticles by ˜Casp˜C=bsp and ˜Cbsp˜C=asp resulting in e.g.
˜Cψ˜C=−i(ˉψγ0γ2)T
and seems to always appear in pairs.