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  self-adjoint operator L=D+D in Witten's work on 3-manifold

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In [Witten Quantum Field Theory and the Jones Polynomial](https://people.maths.ox.ac.uk/beem/papers/jones_polynomial_witten.pdf), he mentioned,

Let D be the exterior derivative on M, twisted by the fiat connection A let be the Hodge operator that maps k forms to 3k forms. On a three manifold one has a natural self-adjoint operator 
L=D+D

 
which maps differential forms of even order to forms of even order and forms of odd order to forms of odd order. Let L denote its restriction to forms of odd order.

In d-dimension (say d=3), 

- isn't that D maps a k form to dk1-form?

- isn't that D maps a k form to dk+1-form?

So L=D+D on k-form V produce LV with both dk1-form and dk+1-form?
how can this L operator be natural? It does not even give a uniform differential form in the same dimension in the right hand side?

- Say d=3,k=0, we get dk1=2-form and dk+1=4-form?

- Say d=3,k=1, we get dk1=1-form and dk+1=3-form?

- Say d=3,k=2, we get dk1=0-form and dk+1=2-form?

- Say d=3,k=3, we get dk1=1-form and dk+1=1-form?

asked Feb 25, 2024 in Mathematics by active [ no revision ]

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